Math 8 (Year) (3112Y) (Prerequisite: 7th Grade Math Teacher Recommendation)

The eighth-grade standards contain both content that reviews or extends concepts and skills learned in previous grades and new content that prepares students for more abstract concepts in Algebra and Geometry. Students will gain proficiency in computation with rational numbers (positive and negative fractions, numbers, and integers) and use proportions to solve a variety of problems. New concepts include solving two-step equations and inequalities,graphing linear equations, visualizing three-dimensional shapes represented in two dimensional drawings, applying transformations to geometric shapes in the coordinate plane, and using manipulatives to organize and interpret data. Students will verify and apply the Pythagorean Theorem and represent relations and functions using tables, graphs, and rules. Students who complete this course will take the Grade 8 Mathematics SOL Test.

Algebra Readiness (3131)—1 elective credit

This course is designed for students who wish to enroll in Algebra 1, but require an extension of skills and understanding of concepts in the real number system. Students will solve first-degree equations and inequalities and perform operations with polynomials. Functions, relations, and their graphs are introduced. Manipulatives, graphing calculators, and application software are used for solving problems and verifying solutions.

Algebra I (3132) (semester) – 1 credit (Prerequisite: Algebra Readiness)

In Algebra I, students continue the study of algebraic concepts including operations with real numbers and polynomials. They solve first-degree equations and inequalities, quadratic equations, and systems of equations. Concepts associated with functions and relations, including their graphs, are emphasized. A study of statistics is also included in this course. Manipulatives, graphing calculators, and application software are used for solving problems and verifying solutions.

Algebra I(3130) (Semester) – 1 credit (Prerequisite: Math Teacher Recommendation)

In Algebra I, students continue the study of algebraic concepts including operations with real numbers and polynomials. They solve first-degree equations and inequalities, quadratic equations, and systems of equations. Concepts associated with functions and relations, including their graphs, are emphasized. A study of statistics is also included in this course. Manipulatives, graphing calculators, and application software are used for solving problems and verifying solutions.

Geometry Readiness (Semester) (3144) —1 elective credit (Prerequisite: Algebra I)

This course is designed for students who wish to enroll in Geometry, but require an extension of skills and understanding of concepts needed for the deductive method of proof. Axioms are used to justify theorems and to determine whether conclusions are valid. A gradual development of formal proof is encouraged. A variety of applications and some general problem-solving techniques are used to implement these concepts. Students use graphing utilities and computer software as appropriate.

Geometry (Semester) (3145) – 1 credit (Prerequisite: Geometry Readiness)

This course includes the deductive axiomatic method of proof to justify theorems and to tell whether conclusions are valid. It also includes emphasis on two- and three-dimensional reasoning skills, coordinate and transformational geometry, and the use of geometric models to solve problems. Students use graphing utilities and computer software as appropriate.

Geometry (Semester) (3143) – 1 credit (Prerequisite: Recommended “C” average in Algebra I and/ or teacher recommendation.)

This course includes the deductive axiomatic method of proof to justify theorems and to tell whether conclusions are valid. It also includes emphasis on two- and three-dimensional reasoning skills, coordinate and transformational geometry, and the use of geometric models to solve problems. Students use graphing utilities and computer software as appropriate.

Algebra Functions and Data Analysis (3134) —1 credit (Prerequisite: Algebra I and Geometry)

This course is designed for students who have successfully completed the standards for Algebra I. Within the context of mathematical modeling and data analysis, students will study functions and their functions and their behaviors, system of inequalities, probability, experimental design and implementation, and analysis of data. Data will be generated by practical applications arising from science, business, and finance. Students will solve problems that require formulation of linear, quadratic, exponential, or logarithmic equations or a system of equations.

Algebra II (3135) – 1 credit (Prerequisite: Algebra I and Geometry; Recommendation of a “C” in Algebra I; Offered in Grades 10-12)

A thorough treatment of advanced algebraic concepts is provided through the study of functions, polynomials, rational expressions, complex numbers, and sequences and series. Oral and written communication concerning the language of algebra, the logic of procedures, and interpretation of results also permeate the course. A transformational approach to graphing functions is used. Students vary the coefficients and constants of an equation, observe the changes in the graph of the equation, and make generalizations that can be applied to many graphs.

Trigonometry (3150) – 1 credit (Prerequisite: Algebra II; Recommendation of a “C” In Algebra II)

Trigonometric and circular functions are introduced in this course. Evaluation of trigonometric functions, use of basic formulas, and laws of cosines and sines are presented. Emphasis is placed on the applications of trigonometry, solutions of trigonometric equations, applications of triangles and vectors, and polar graphing. Advanced topics in algebra, analytical geometry, polynomial functions, and sequences are also included.

Math Analysis/Pre-Calculus (Honors) (3162H) (D-Squared) – 1 credit (Prerequisites:

Trigonometry; Passing score on a placement test administered by Patrick Henry Community College. Students selecting to receive dual enrollment credits will earn 4 college credits for MTH 166 if they pass this course with a “C” or better). Students enrolled in Mathematical Analysis are assumed to have mastered Algebra II concepts and have some exposure to trigonometry. Mathematical Analysis develops students’ understanding of algebraic and transcendental functions, parametric and polar equations, sequences and series, and vectors. The content of this course serves as appropriate preparation for a calculus course.

Calculus (Honors) (3177H) (D-Squared) – 1 credit (Prerequisites: Math Analysis; Passing score on a placement test administered by Patrick Henry Community College. Students selecting to receive dual enrollment credits will earn 6 college credits for MTH 175-176 if they pass this course with a “C” or better. Students may be eligible to take the AP exam upon successful completion of this course).

This course extends the theory of elementary functions. Topics include: derivatives of algebraic functions, and transcendental functions; derivatives of the sum, difference, product, quotient and power of algebraic/ transcendental functions; the definite integral and improper integrals and concepts related to integration; logarithmic differentiation; techniques of integration; differential equations, and applications of the derivative and the definite integral. Both applications and formal proof are emphasized.